{"id":9004111222135812,"date":"2025-04-08T12:47:53","date_gmt":"2025-04-08T11:47:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hgf.com\/?p=9004111222135812"},"modified":"2025-11-13T20:07:05","modified_gmt":"2025-11-13T20:07:05","slug":"la-contrefacon-de-brevet-de-plante-aux-etats-unis-repose-sur-la-preuve-de-reproduction-asexuee","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hgf.com\/fr\/centre-de-connaissances\/articles-de-blog\/la-contrefacon-de-brevet-de-plante-aux-etats-unis-repose-sur-la-preuve-de-reproduction-asexuee\/","title":{"rendered":"La contrefa\u00e7on de brevet de plante aux \u00c9tats-Unis repose sur la preuve de reproduction asexu\u00e9e"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Une affaire r\u00e9cente devant le tribunal de district des \u00c9tats-Unis pour le district nord du Texas (division de Dallas) souligne une fois de plus l’importance des plaidoiries initiales et des preuves dans les affaires de contrefa\u00e7on de brevet.<\/p>\n

L’affaire oppose David Austin Roses Ltd \u00e0 GCM Ranch LLC[1] et est bas\u00e9e sur une pr\u00e9tendue contrefa\u00e7on d\u00e9lib\u00e9r\u00e9e de brevets de plantes am\u00e9ricains d\u00e9tenus par David Austin couvrant plusieurs vari\u00e9t\u00e9s de roses, ainsi que sur une contrefa\u00e7on de marque correspondante. David Austin Roses Ltd est une importante entreprise britannique de s\u00e9lection de roses. Les vari\u00e9t\u00e9s s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es par David Austin sont bien connues car l’entreprise est \u00e9tablie depuis longtemps et obtient syst\u00e9matiquement une protection des obtentions v\u00e9g\u00e9tales pour ses roses dans le monde entier, y compris en vertu de la loi am\u00e9ricaine sur les brevets de plantes. Ils d\u00e9posent \u00e9galement g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement des marques pour les noms commerciaux de chaque rose couverte par un brevet de plante correspondant. <\/p>\n

Dans cette affaire, David Austin a all\u00e9gu\u00e9 que GCM Ranch avait enfreint neuf brevets de plantes am\u00e9ricains accord\u00e9s en vendant des vari\u00e9t\u00e9s de roses qui rel\u00e8vent des revendications du brevet de plante. Cependant, les preuves qu’ils ont fournies dans leurs plaidoiries \u00e9taient principalement bas\u00e9es sur des captures d’\u00e9cran des produits de roses sur les sites web de GCM Ranch ressemblant aux vari\u00e9t\u00e9s brevet\u00e9es, et des avis indiquant la vente des produits aux consommateurs. <\/p>\n

En r\u00e9ponse, GCM Ranch a fait valoir que les preuves n’\u00e9taient pas suffisantes pour prouver la contrefa\u00e7on de brevet car David Austin n’a fourni aucune explication sur la fa\u00e7on dont les plantes pr\u00e9tendument contrefaisantes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 produites. Selon l’USC 163, dans le cas d’un brevet de plante, l’octroi doit ‘inclure le droit d’exclure les autres de reproduire asexuellement la plante, et<\/u> d’utiliser, d’offrir \u00e0 la vente ou de vendre la plante ainsi reproduite<\/u>, ou l’une de ses parties, sur l’ensemble du territoire des \u00c9tats-Unis’.<\/em> Il \u00e9tait clair que David Austin avait d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que la plante \u00e9tait offerte \u00e0 la vente et vendue, mais n’avait pas prouv\u00e9 que lesdites plantes \u00e9taient reproduites asexuellement \u00e0 partir de la plante brevet\u00e9e. GCM Ranch a saisi ce point de droit dans sa r\u00e9ponse, tout comme le tribunal. Malgr\u00e9 les similitudes frappantes entre les plantes vendues et les vari\u00e9t\u00e9s prot\u00e9g\u00e9es, et l’accord selon lequel GCM Ranch connaissait les brevets de plantes en question, le tribunal a accord\u00e9 la motion de GCM Ranch de rejeter l’affaire de contrefa\u00e7on de brevet de plante. Le tribunal a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que ‘ m\u00eame si les roses se ressemblent, David Austin n’a pas all\u00e9gu\u00e9 de mani\u00e8re plausible que les roses de GCM Ranch \u00e9taient reproduites asexuellement \u00e0 partir des roses de David Austin. Par exemple, David Austin n’a pas all\u00e9gu\u00e9 comment GCM Ranch reproduisait asexuellement les roses brevet\u00e9es – c’est-\u00e0-dire s’ils le faisaient par greffage, \u00e9cussonnage ou marcottage’ <\/em>.<\/p>\n

Il est clair que pour la contrefa\u00e7on de brevet de plante aux \u00c9tats-Unis, les plaidoiries doivent veiller \u00e0 fournir des preuves factuelles de la fa\u00e7on dont les plantes contrefaisantes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 effectivement d\u00e9riv\u00e9es de la plante brevet\u00e9e, en plus des preuves de ventes des plantes contrefaisantes. Il semble que simplement all\u00e9guer que la vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de plante brevet\u00e9e a \u00e9t\u00e9 reproduite asexuellement ne soit pas suffisant. Un dossier complet doit \u00eatre pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 au stade des plaidoiries pour \u00e9viter un rejet surprenant. <\/p>\n

[1] https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/gov.uscourts.txnd.388559\/gov.uscourts.txnd.388559.33.0.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

Ce billet a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9dig\u00e9 par Punita Shah<\/a>, associ\u00e9e et avocate en brevets, et Ellie Purnell<\/a>, associ\u00e9e et avocate en brevets.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Une affaire r\u00e9cente devant le tribunal de district des \u00c9tats-Unis pour le district nord du Texas (division de Dallas) souligne une fois de plus l’importance des plaidoiries initiales et des …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":502,"featured_media":9004111222133982,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[538,537,517],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9004111222135812","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agritechip","category-articles-de-blog","category-centre-de-connaissances","service-brevets"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLa contrefa\u00e7on de brevet de plante aux \u00c9tats-Unis repose sur la preuve de reproduction asexu\u00e9e - HGF<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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